“The distribution system is the remaining component of public water supplies yet to be adequately addressed in national efforts to eradicate waterborne disease” (NRC, 2010).

Urban stormwater runoff in North America is a major source of contamination of surface water bodies. In many parts of the North America, there are combined

Dr. Murphy has extensive experience working on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene projects globally through research and when she worked with UNICEF as a WASH Specialist.

Approximately 48 million people in the US are served by private and frequently untreated wells.Crudely, we estimate that 1.3 million cases of acute gastrointestinal illnesses